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- Assistant Professor, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar [1]
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Selective Catalytic Valorisation of Carbon Dioxide Towards Building Block Molecules
The development of sustainable technologies for successful exploitation of C-1 feedstock such as carbon dioxide (CO2) is a thought-provoking challenge for effective utilisation of this abundant renewable resource. In an industrial prospective new catalytic concept are vital to add value stream and to bring sustainability to this resource to mitigate the challenges associated with growing energy demands and increased responsiveness for climate control. Notably catalysis is a key technology for achieving sustainable processes and the future development of humankind. Our recent efforts in developing catalytic methodologies towards selective valorisation of CO2 towards building block molecules will be discussed.
Demographics, clinical characteristics, and recurrence rate of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax at a tertiary care center in Qatar
Introduction: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common medical emergency. Its treatment includes simple observation needle thoracentesis pleural catheter video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) and open surgery. We aimed to establish the demographic clinical characteristics and 12-month recurrence rate of patients with PSP in four hospitals of the Hamad Medical Corporation Qatar.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients >14 years old who were admitted with PSP from January 1 2017 to December 31 2019. The patients were followed up for 12 months for the recurrence of PSP.
Results: Out of 246 patients enrolled in this study 223 (90.7%) were males and 23 (9.3%) were females. Their mean age was 29.1 ± 9.59 years and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.7 ± 4.22 kg/m2. Of these 123 (51.2%) patients were smokers. Chest pain was the most common presenting complaint (82.5%). A total of 59 (23.98%) patients had a small pneumothorax whereas 187 (76.01%) patients had a large pneumothorax.
Among the patients with small pneumothorax 16 (28.33%) were managed through observation alone 2 (3.33%) required needle aspiration 15 (25%) required pleural catheter insertion and 26 (44.06%) underwent surgical intervention for management. Out of 187 patients with large pneumothorax 16 (8.6%) were managed through observation 7 (3.76%) required needle aspiration 73 (38.1%) required pleural catheter insertion and 91 (48.6%) underwent surgery.
During the 12-month follow-up 58 patients were lost to follow-up and 5 patients (5/188; 2.66%) presented with a recurrence of PSP. Out of 108 patients who underwent VATS 2 (1.85%) had a recurrence of PSP.
Conclusion: PSP is more common in males than in females with a tendency for younger age onset. The recurrence rate of PSP in our study was 2.66%. Furthermore the recurrence rate in our patients who underwent VATS was 1.85%. Prospective studies are warranted to compare the success rates of different treatment interventions.
Embracing healthcare delivery challenges during a pandemic. review from a nodal designated COVID-19 center in qatar
Hospitals and healthcare systems are instrumental in the formulation and delivery of a coordinated response to disaster management especially epidemics. In healthcare policy and strategy formation there are only trade-offs which with uncertainty are akin to gambles. National organizations play a key role in pandemics through the expression of physician motivation. Effective strategies can facilitate physician action through economies of scale that lower the costs for physicians to meet both community and patients' needs. Moreover no matter how well clinicians are motivated and positioned to act their collective actions are likely to fall short without complementary systems for population-based care that require the operational support of an organization. This review of institutional policy implementation and frameworks intends to highlight how a nodal-designated COVID-19 center in Qatar managed to control the menace by altering its procedural sets and work arrangements to augment an integrated intrinsic response to a briskly emerging conceivably complex situation. This outcome was achieved under the guidance of a national leadership team effectively adapted to its specific challenges by building on current medical evidence management routines proficiencies and health system capacity. This ambitious drive started with the cohesion of services and implementation of evidence-based protocols by assigning a physician-led team to research strategize and organize improved patient flow and information by arranging analytical compliance and preparedness. Through these service approaches and ongoing efforts HMGH has realized significant outcome improvements such as increasing capacity building reducing healthcare waste and increasing patient satisfaction rates whilst successfully achieving significantly lower COVID-19 mortality both in terms of absolute numbers and as percent population compared to many developed countries in the world. The strategies outlined in this article might not be all-inclusive or fit other healthcare system models but they generate a veritable interest to pursue and be subjected to further rigorous study.
Ceftriaxone-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with common medical infections in Qatar: A retrospective study
Introduction: Ceftriaxone a third-generation cephalosporin is frequently used for the treatment of various bacterial infections as a broad-spectrum antibiotic for many decades. Although ceftriaxone is a well-tolerated drug in most cases it can lead to serious liver injury which can be a real challenge to the treating physician. Given the potentially serious adverse effects that can vary from mild biochemical abnormalities to complete liver failure we intend to assess the spectrum of liver injury based on biochemical criteria for patients treated with ceftriaxone for common bacterial infections in Qatar.Objectives: This study aimed to explore the incidence of ceftriaxone-induced liver injury at Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital Qatar and to evaluate the relationship of the ceftriaxone dose if any with liver dysfunction.Methods: This retrospective study included hospitalized adult patients treated with ceftriaxone at our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 and analyzed demographic and clinical data obtained from electronic medical records. This study determined the incidence of liver injury (primary outcome) in patients treated with ceftriaxone (2 g/day) for ≥ 2 consecutive days by reviewing liver function test results until the day of discharge and at the first outpatient follow-up.
Results: The final data analysis included a total of 634 patients admitted and treated with ceftriaxone from January 2019 to December 2019.In the multivariate analysis with propensity score adjustment ceftriaxone was independently associated with liver injury especially when combined with other agents utilizing hepatic metabolism.Conclusions: Ceftriaxone was associated with a significantly higher incidence of liver injury (19.7%) when used along with other medications that are metabolized in the liver as found in the present study compared with other similar studies (approximately 2.9%–13.9%). Furthermore the incidence was too high to be ignored in clinical practice.